CentOS:LNMP架构部署

1. 准备工作

1.1 系统:

CentOS7.9

1.2 所需要的安装包:

https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.7.tar.gz
https://dev.mysql.com/get/downloads/mysql-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.23.tar.gz
https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.15.tar.gz
https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.19.5/cmake-3.19.5.tar.gz
http://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/gcc-10.2.0/gcc-10.2.0.tar.gz

2 安装Nginx

2.1 安装依赖包:

# yum install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

2.2 建立Nginx服务的运行用户:

# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

2.3 编译安装nginx-1.19.7:

# tar -zxvf nginx-1.19.7.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.19.7/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
# make
# make install

2.4 路径优化:

# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

2.5 将nginx添加为系统服务:

# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
	[Unit]
	Description=nginx
	After=network.target
	[Service]
	Type=forking
	PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
	ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
	ExecrReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
	ExecrStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
	PrivateTmp=true
	[Install]
	WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.6 赋予配置文件权限并启动服务:

# chmod 644 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
# systemctl start nginx.service

3 安装mysql

3.1 编译安装cmake-3.19.5:

# yum install openssl openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++
# tar -zxvf cmake-3.19.5.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
# cd /usr/local/src/cmake-3.19.5/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cmake
# gmake
# make install
# vim /etc/profile
    export PATH=/usr/local/cmake/bin:$PATH
# source /etc/profile
# cmake --version

3.2 编译安装gcc-10.2.0:

# tar -zxvf gcc-10.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
# cd /usr/local/src/gcc-10.2.0/
# mkdir gcc-build-10.2.0
# cd gcc-build-10.2.0/
# ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
# make
# make install
# vim /etc/profile
    export PATH=/usr/local/cmake/bin:/usr/local/gcc/bin:$PATH
    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/gcc/lib64
    export CC=/usr/local/gcc/bin/gcc
    export CXX=/usr/local/gcc/bin/g++
# source /etc/profile
# gcc --version
# g++ --version
# rm -rf /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
# ln -s /usr/local/gcc/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6

3.3 编译安装mysql源码包:

# yum install ncurses ncurses-devel bison
# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
# tar -zxvf mysql-boost-8.0.23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
# cd /usr/local/src/mysql-8.0.23/
# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_unicode_ci -DWITH_BOOST=boost -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/local/gcc/bin/g++ -DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1
# make -j 2
# make install

3.4 修改和添加配置文件:

# vim /etc/my.cnf
	[mysqld]
	# 设置用户
	user=mysql
	# 设置MySQL的安装目录
	basedir=/usr/local/mysql
	# 设置MySQL数据库数据存放目录
	datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
	# 设置服务端的字符集
	character-set-server=utf8mb4
	bind-address=0.0.0.0
	port=3306
	socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

	[client]
	# MySQL客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
	port=3306
	socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
	# 设置客户端连接服务端的默认字符集
	default-character-set=utf8mb4

	[mysqld_safe]
	log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log
	pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

3.5 权限修改:

# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
# chown mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf

3.6 设置环境变量

# vim /etc/profile
    export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:/usr/local/cmake/bin:/usr/local/gcc/bin:$PATH
# source /etc/profile

3.7 初始化数据库:

# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
# ./mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

3.8 添加MySQL为系统服务并设置root用户密码:

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld.sh
# chmod a+x /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld.sh
# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
	
	[Unit]
	Description=MySQL Server
	After=network.target

	[Service]
	User=mysql
	Group=mysql

	Type=forking
	ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld.sh start
	ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld.sh stop

	[Install]
	WantedBy=mutil-user.target

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start mysqld.service

# mysqladmin -u root password 123456

3.9 授权远程登录用户:

# mysql -uroot -p123456
> create user root@'%' identified by '123456';
> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%';
> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
> alter user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' password expire never;
> flush privileges;

4 安装PHP

4.1 安装依赖包:

# yum install gd libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel curl curl-devel openssl openssl-devel sqlite sqlite-devel oniguruma oniguruma-devel zip

4.2 编译安装PHP源码包:

# tar -zxvf php-7.4.15.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
# cd /usr/local/src/php-7.4.15
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock --with-mysqli --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-session --enable-ftp --enable-pdo --enable-tokenizer --enable-zip
# make
# make install
# /usr/local/php/bin/php -v

4.3 环境配置:

# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/
# ls /usr/local/bin/
# ls /usr/local/sbin/

4.4 修改配置文件:

# cp -rf /usr/local/src/php-7.4.15/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/php.ini
# cd /usr/local/php
# vim php.ini
  962 date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai 
    #去掉注释，修改时区为上海
  1165 mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
    #和MYSQL的配置文件一致

# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
# cd etc
# vim php-fpm.conf
  17 pid = run/php-fpm.pid
    #将这一行的注释去掉

# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
# cp www.conf.default www.conf
# vim www.conf
	user = nginx
	group = nginx

4.5 启动php-fpm:

# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

4.6 配置nginx解析php:

# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  2 user nginx;
  43 location / {
  44 root   html;
  #添加index.php用于自动识别php文件
  45 index  index.html index.htm index.php; 
  46 }

  65 location ~ \.php${
  66	root 	html;
  67	fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  68	fastcgi_index index.php;
  69	fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
  70	include 	fastcgi_params;
  71	}

5 测试

5.1 编写测试页面:

# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
# vim test.php
	<?php
	phpinfo ();
	?>

# vim testdb.php
	<?php
	$link=mysqli_connect ('localhost','root','123456');
	if ($link)
	echo "success";
	else
	echo "fail";
	?>

5.2 重启nginx,mysql及php服务:

# systemctl restart nginx.service
# systemctl stop mysqld.service
# systemctl start mysqld.service
# killall php-fpm
# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

5.3 通过客户端访问:

http://192.x.x.x/test.php
http://192.x.x.x/testdb.php